Hate speech and violent acts within Brazilian schools.

Priscila Lima Silva

Ana Paula da Silva Sotero

ABSTRACT

School institutions have proven to be environments in which exclusionary and violent practices against other children, adolescents and adults occur frequently. In the Brazilian context, violence at school is recognized by students as a multifaceted misfortune, being observed from physical aggression against the other, to verbal violence, whether between student-student or teacher-student. In this context, the present study, in the form of an integrative literature review, aims to analyze the main triggering factors for the occurrence of such phenomena and what are the measures to prevent and combat violence in Brazilian schools. Eleven articles were included, obtained through the scientific databases: Google academic, LexML Brasil and Periódicos Capes. It was observed that school violence encompasses physical violence, including corporal punishment; psychological violence, including verbal abuse; sexual violence, including rape and harassment; and bullying, including cyberbullying, in which an exorbitant number of different episodes of aggression were reported. In addition, violence and hate speech must be understood as a relationship of sociability present at school, which originates in two different ways: as an expression of pedagogical authoritarianism or as a transfer of a social norm, which is marked by the violence that governs interpersonal relationships in specific social groups. Thus, it is essential to apply measures that aim to intervene in the main risk factors for the development of aggressive behavior, and also to identify young people in vulnerable situations that can lead to such violent acts.

Keywords: Violence. Teenagers. School.